Kodi Kuchepetsa PM2.5 Kungachepetse Kuchuluka kwa Matenda a Alzheimer's?

PM2.5 imatanthauza tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili mumlengalenga wokhala ndi mainchesi 2.5 kapena kuchepera, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala mumlengalenga. M'mimba mwake ndi wochepera 1/20th wa makulidwe a tsitsi la munthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'onoti tizikhalabe mumlengalenga kwa nthawi yayitali.

Magwero a zinthu zimenezi ndi monga mpweya woipa wochokera ku malasha, utsi wochokera ku magalimoto opangidwa ndi mafuta, fumbi la pamsewu, fumbi la zomangamanga, fumbi la mafakitale, utsi wa kukhitchini, kutentha zinyalala, ndi kuwotcha udzu, komanso tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapangidwa kudzera mu zochita zovuta za mankhwala a sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zosinthasintha mumlengalenga.

Mwachitsanzo, m'mizinda, magalimoto ambiri amatulutsa utsi wokhala ndi PM2.5; m'madera akumpoto nthawi yozizira, ma boiler otenthetsera omwe amayaka ndi malasha amatulutsanso PM2.5 yambiri.

Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoopsa komanso zovulaza, kukhala nthawi yayitali mumlengalenga, komanso mtunda wautali woyendera, PM2.5 imakhudza kwambiri thanzi la anthu komanso mpweya wabwino. Imatha kuyenda mtunda wautali ndikukhudza madera akuluakulu.

Mukapumidwa, PM2.5 imalowa m'chifuwa mwachindunji, imasokoneza kusinthana kwa mpweya m'mapapo, ndipo imayambitsa matenda monga mphumu, bronchitis, ndi matenda a mtima. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono timayambitsa zoopsa zazikulu pa thanzi; PM2.5 imatha kulowa m'magazi kudzera m'chifuwa ndi m'matumbo, komwe mpweya woipa wosungunuka ndi zitsulo zolemera zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu pa thanzi la anthu.

Gulu lofufuzali linakhala zaka 18 likutsatira ndi kusanthula zolemba zaumoyo za nzika 27.8 miliyoni zaku US zazaka 65 kapena kuposerapo, kufananiza deta ya kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya m'deralo pogwiritsa ntchito zip code kuti lifufuze ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa PM2.5 ndi Alzheimer's. Kale, gulu la asayansi nthawi zambiri linkakhulupirira kuti kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya kungawonjezere chiopsezo mwa kuyambitsa mavuto monga kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kuvutika maganizo, koma kafukufuku watsopanoyu akutsutsa lingaliro limenelo.

Detayo inavumbulanso mfundo yofunika kwambiri: odwala sitiroko ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a Alzheimer's. Ofufuza anafotokoza kuti sitiroko imawononga chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu ta PM2.5 kapena zinthu zotupa zilowe mu ubongo mosavuta ndikuwonjezera kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tingafulumizitse kusintha kwa mitsempha mwa kuwononga mwachindunji minofu ya ubongo, kuyambitsa kutupa kwa thupi, ndikulimbikitsa kusonkhanitsa mapuloteni opatsirana.

Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wowonerayu sanatsimikizire mokwanira ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndipo sanaphatikizepo deta yokhudzana ndi kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya kuchokera m'nyumba kapena kuntchito, imapereka njira yatsopano yofufuzira za matenda a Alzheimer's. Katswiri wa zamaganizo Simone Reppermund wochokera ku University of New South Wales adati kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kufunika kwa malo abwino okhala m'dera kuti apewe matenda a dementia, makamaka kwa okalamba omwe amakhala nthawi yambiri m'deralo ndipo akukumana ndi zoopsa zambiri za kuchepa kwa chidziwitso.

Pakadali pano, palibe mankhwala a matenda a Alzheimer's. Kafukufukuyu akupatsa anthu ophunzira kumvetsetsa bwino zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndipo akupereka lingaliro latsopano lokhudza kupewa—kukweza mpweya wabwino kungakhale njira yofunika kwambiri yochepetsera chiopsezo cha matenda a Alzheimer's.

Pakadali pano, makina a mpweya wabwino amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya ukadaulo wosefera wa PM2.5:
1. Kusefa kwa Makina: Kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera zogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kuti zigwire tinthu tating'onoting'ono mumlengalenga.
2. Kugwa kwa Mvula Yosasinthika: Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi osasinthika amphamvu kwambiri kuti atenge zinthu zoipitsa mpweya.

Ubwino ndi Kuipa kwa Njira Zonse Ziwiri:
1. Ubwino wa Kusefera kwa Makina:
Ndalama zochepa zoyambira, magwiridwe antchito okhazikika, chitetezo champhamvu, komanso kukonza kosavuta (kusintha fyuluta mosavuta).
2. Zoyipa: Zimafuna ndalama zobwerezabwereza posintha fyuluta; mphamvu yosefera ndi yotsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wamagetsi.

1. Ubwino wa Kusefa kwa Magetsi: Kusefa kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso ndalama zochepa zosamalira kwa nthawi yayitali.
2. Zoyipa: Ndalama zambiri zoyambira, magwiridwe antchito osakhazikika, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ozoni wochepa, ndipo zimakhala ndi zoopsa zina (ngakhale makampani odziwika bwino amasunga kuchuluka kwa ozoni mkati mwa malire a chitetezo).

Ayi. Kafukufuku waposachedwa akusonyeza kuti PM2.5 imawonjezera chiopsezo cha Alzheimer kudzera m'njira zolunjika, popanda mavuto ena azaumoyo monga kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kuvutika maganizo.

Kukwapula kumatha kuwononga chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono toopsa kapena zinthu zotupa zilowe mu ubongo mosavuta ndikufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha.

Zimadalira zomwe mukufuna. Ma fyuluta amakina ndi otetezeka komanso osavuta kusamalira koma amafunika kugula ma fyuluta atsopano. Makina amagetsi ali ndi kusefa bwino komanso amachepetsa ndalama zobwerezabwereza koma amatha kupanga ozoni wochepa.