Momwe Mungakulitsire Kuyenda kwa Mpweya M'chipinda Chopanda Mawindo

Zipinda zopanda mawindo sizimalandira njira "yachilengedwe". Ngati pali chilichonse, zimafuna uinjiniya wolimba: mpweya wakunja wodalirika, utsi wodalirika, ubale wolamulidwa ndi mphamvu, phokoso lovomerezeka, ndi magwiridwe antchito amphamvu omwe sangawononge ndalama zambiri. Bukuli limafotokoza njira zotsatizana ndi ma code ndi ntchito zogwirira ntchito zothandiza magulu a mafakitale ndi mainjiniya omwe ali ndi udindo wobweretsa mpweya m'malo omwe alibe.

Kodi kupambana kumawoneka bwanji? Mpweya wakunja ndi utsi wotuluka womwe umakwaniritsa njira yosankhidwa ya code, ubale woyezedwa wa kuthamanga (monga zimbudzi zomwe zilibe malo oyandikana), kusefa komwe kumagwira tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kuchuluka kwa mawu a NC/RC komwe kumathandizira ntchito, ndikuwongolera komwe kumasintha kukhalapo. Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule.

1) Khazikitsani maziko: Zimene ma code akuyembekezera

• ASHRAE 62.1 (yosakhala yogona) imapereka Njira Yoyendetsera Mpweya (VRP), yomwe imaphatikiza nthawi ya munthu aliyense ndi nthawi ya pansi pa malo kuti idziwe mpweya wakunja wopuma (Vbz). Muyezowu umasinthidwa pafupipafupi; onani kapangidwe ndi kufotokozera kwaposachedwa mu zowonjezera za 2023 zomwe zafotokozedwa mu ASHRAE 62.1 yowonjezera b ndi ab (2023) Chidule. Werengani Vbz, gwiritsani ntchito bwino njira yopumira mpweya, ndikutsimikizirani motsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa dera lanu.

• Ku Ulaya, EN 16798-1 Njira 1 imagwiritsa ntchito kayendedwe ka anthu ndi malo okhala ndi mpweya wamkati wamkati wamagulu I-III. Gulu II limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo osakhala okhala; onani kapangidwe kake ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa mwachidule mu Malangizo a REHVA a IEQ (2025)Nthawi zonse funsani tebulo lovomerezeka la mtundu wa malo anu.

• Utsi wotuluka m'zimbudzi/chimbudzi m'madera ambiri umatsatira International Mechanical Code, yomwe imakhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa utsi wotuluka m'zimbudzi malinga ndi gulu la zida ndi malo. Tsimikizirani kuti kugwiritsa ntchito utsi m'deralo kukuchitika. IMC 2024, Chaputala 4 Mpweya Wopumira ndi kukula kuti pakhale kupanikizika koipa m'malo oyandikana.

• Kusefa: Kwa nyumba zomwe sizikhalamo anthu, njira yodziwika bwino yogwiritsira ntchito ndi MERV 13 kapena ISO 16890 ePM1 ≥50% pa makina omwe amazungulira mpweya, monga momwe zafotokozedwera mu Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri Pankhani ya Kusefa ndi Kupha Matenda a ASHRAETsimikizirani kuti mphamvu ya fan yatsika bwanji ndipo ganizirani zosefera zomwe zayikidwa mu siteji.

• Phokoso ndi mawu: Ma spectra osakhala ndi phokoso lochepa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito (monga maofesi ndi zipinda zosonkhanira nthawi zambiri amakhala mu NC 25-35). Njira ndi machitidwe a kapangidwe kake zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu Buku la ASHRAE, Kulamulira Phokoso ndi Kugwedezeka (2024).

2) Sinthani zofunikira kukhala kapangidwe: Njira yogwirira ntchito pang'onopang'ono

Gawo 1 - Kuwerengera katundu ndi kuwerengera kayendedwe ka kapangidwe

• Fotokozani mbiri ya anthu okhalamo ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe zikuchitika. Pa maofesi ndi zipinda zamisonkhano, dziwani kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali pamalo okwera komanso nthawi yeniyeni. Gwiritsani ntchito ASHRAE 62.1 VRP kapena EN 16798 Njira 1 kuti muwerengere mpweya wakunja wochokera kwa anthu ndi malo, kenako gwiritsani ntchito njira yogwiritsira ntchito mpweya wabwino. Ngati mukuganiza zogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wowongolera (DCV) m'zipinda zamisonkhano, sankhani malo okhazikika a CO2 mogwirizana ndi malangizo a muyezo wanu ndikutsimikizira malo a sensor ndi calibration. Bwanji mukuganiza nthawi yomwe mungathe kuwerengera?

Gawo 2 — Sankhani topology ya dongosolo

• Kwa madera amkati, Mpweya Wakunja Wodzipereka Makina (DOAS) olumikizidwa ndi mayunitsi a terminal amagwira ntchito bwino. Ganizirani za ERV/HRV kuti mubwezeretse mphamvu pakati pa utsi ndi magetsi. Sankhani zipangizo zomwe zili ndi ntchito yotsimikizika (mndandanda wa Eurovent/AHRI) ndikutsimikizira kuti mpweya ndi mphamvu zake zikugwira ntchito bwino pa kapangidwe kanu. Perekani kusefa kwa MERV 13/ePM1 ≥50% pansi pa mphamvu yobwezeretsa mphamvu; mapulojekiti ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zosefera ziwiri (monga MERV 8 pre + MERV 13 final) kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino kukwera kwa mphamvu ndi nthawi yogwirira ntchito.

• Zinthu zamkati: Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani masamba a zinthu za airwoods za ERV ndi njira zoyendetsera mpweya wabwino, monga Chothandizira Kubwezeretsa Mphamvu cha Eco-Flex ndi Mpweya Wotentha Wokwera pa Denga la Airwoods Wobwezeretsa Mphamvu 350CMHGwiritsani ntchito izi ngati poyambira pa ESP, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kulamulira bwino pokonzekera maziko anu a kapangidwe.

Gawo 3 — Ma duct ndi ma terminal omwe amasakaniza mpweya

• Mu zipinda zosonkhanira, pewani kusokonezana kwa magetsi pakati pa kupereka ndi kubweza. Ikani ma diffuser kuti akulimbikitseni kusakanikirana m'malo omwe muli anthu; pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosinthira, pangani kuyambira pachiyambi ndipo pewani kusintha kwadzidzidzi. Sungani malo olowera mpweya wakunja kutali ndi utsi ndi zinthu zodetsa. Sankhani magulu otulutsira mpweya ndi njira zotsekera zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mphamvu zanu ndi zolinga zanu; perekani mwayi woyeretsa ndikusintha zosefera.

Gawo 4 - Kuchepetsa kupanikizika ndi kusinthasintha

• Sungani zimbudzi kuti zisalowe m'malo oyandikana; sungani maofesi pafupi ndi malo osasunthika kapena pang'ono pafupi ndi makonde kuti zinthu zodetsa zisunthire kumadera oyera. Perekani njira zosamutsira (zodula zitseko kapena ma grilles osamutsira) mogwirizana ndi njira yanu yozimitsira moto/utsi. Tsimikizirani ndi mawerengedwe osiyanasiyana a kuthamanga kwa mpweya (Pa) ndi kuwonetsa utsi mosavuta panthawi ya TAB. Ganizirani kuthamanga kwa mpweya ngati "kulamulira magalimoto" kwa mpweya wanu—ngati njira zatsekedwa, kuyenda kwa mpweya sikupita komwe mukufuna.

Gawo 5 — Zowongolera ndi kuphatikiza kwa BMS

• Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi ndi zizindikiro za anthu kuti muchepetse kuyenda kwa madzi nthawi yomwe palibe anthu. Ikani DCV m'zipinda zomwe zimakhala ndi kusintha kwakukulu; onjezerani mphamvu yowongolera chinyezi ku ntchito za ERV m'malo ozizira kapena ozizira (kulamulira kwa bypass kapena wheel, kupewa chisanu). Mfundo zazikulu zomwe zikuchitika: malo osungira mpweya panja, liwiro la fan yopereka/kubweza, CO2, kuthamanga kwa malo, ndi kuthamanga kwa fyuluta. Alamu pa zinthu zomwe sizili m'malire ndi zolakwika za sensa.

3) Kutumiza, kuyesa, ndi kutsimikizira kosalekeza

Gwiritsani ntchito dongosolo la ASHRAE Standard 202 ndi Guideline 0 pazofunikira za polojekiti ya mwini (OPR), maziko a kapangidwe (BOD), mayeso ogwira ntchito, ndi zikalata. Kukhazikitsa sikuyenera kukhala kovuta, koma kuyenera kukhala kokhwima.

Kutumiza ndi mndandanda wa TAB

• Tsimikizirani kayendedwe ka mpweya wakunja, wopereka, ndi wotulutsa mpweya pa malo operekera mpweya; lembani mawerengedwe kuyambira pa Vbz kupita ku kayendedwe ka mpweya wa dongosolo.

• Tsimikizirani kuti utsi wa chimbudzi ukutuluka potengera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito; onetsani kuti mpweya wotuluka m'chimbudzi ndi woipa m'malo oyandikana nawo.

• Tsimikizirani momwe diffuser imagwirira ntchito poponya/kusakaniza kapena kusuntha; sinthani kulinganiza kuti muchotse kufupika kwa magetsi.

• Yesani malo a CO2 m'zipinda zomwe anthu ambiri ali ndi katundu ndipo tsimikizirani malo oikapo DCV ndi kulondola kwa sensa.

• Yang'anani kuyika kwa fyuluta ndi kuthamanga kwa kusiyana kwa maziko; ma alamu a pulogalamu pamlingo woyenera wa DP.

• Tsimikizirani zofunikira za phokoso (NC/RC) m'zipinda zoyimira; ikani chochepetsera kapena cholekanitsa ngati sichili pamalo oyandikira.

• Yesani kulamulira kuzizira kwa ERV ndi njira zodutsamo pansi pa mikhalidwe yoyeserera ngati n'kotheka.

Kutsimikizira kopitilira

• Zochitika ndi ndemanga pamwezi: Kuchuluka kwa CO2, mpweya wodzaza/wopanda anthu, DP yosefera, ndi ma alarm aliwonse oletsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Kusintha kwa sefa ya ma tie ku DP kukwera m'malo mwa kalendala yokhazikika ngati kuli koyenera. Tsimikiziraninso kuchuluka kwa mpweya pambuyo pa kusintha kwakukulu kwa lendi kapena kapangidwe kake.

4) Kugwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mlandu

Ganizirani za chipinda chopanda mawindo chomwe chimatumikiridwa ndi DOAS yokhala ndi mphamvu yobwezeretsa magetsi ndi chimbudzi chamkati chosiyana. Njira yothandiza ndiyo kusankha chipangizo cha mpweya chakunja chochokera ku ERV chomwe chimapereka Vbz yowerengedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pamisonkhano pamene ikubwezeretsa mpweya wakale kudzera mu utsi wamba kapena njira yoperekera utsi wa ERV. ERV imachepetsa katundu wotenthetsera/woziziritsa pa mpweya wodzola, pomwe banki yosefera ya magawo awiri imakwaniritsa MERV 13/ePM1 ≥50% pansi pa maziko obwezeretsa mphamvu. DCV yochokera ku occupancy imachepetsa kuyenda pakati pa misonkhano; BMS imasintha CO2 ndi DP yosefera kuti itsimikizire mosalekeza. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa zinthu ndi ma envelopu a ESP/efficiency, onani Airwoods's Zosankha za ERV zamalonda.

Kumbali ya chimbudzi, zokweza utsi zapadera zimakhala zazikulu malinga ndi momwe IMC/ASHRAE imagwiritsidwira ntchito m'deralo, kupanikizika kotsimikizika kumasungidwa m'malo oyandikana nawo, ndipo mpweya wodzola umakonzedwa kudzera mu njira ya DOAS kuti fungo lisasunthike. Zotsatira zake: mpweya wabwino wogwirizana ndi malamulo ndi kupanikizika komwe kumabwezeretsa mphamvu moyenera komanso magwiridwe antchito otsimikizika.

5) Mavuto oti mupewe—ndi momwe mungawakonzere

Kusamuka kwa fungo loipa kuchokera ku zimbudzi kupita ku maofesi nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha utsi wochepa, palibe njira yosamutsira mpweya wodzola, kapena kulephera kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi yosavuta: onetsetsani utsi uliwonse pa chipangizo chilichonse, perekani njira yowonekera bwino ya mpweya wodzola kuchokera m'malo oyera, ndikutsimikizira kupanikizika koyipa ndi utsi ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa panthawi ya TAB komanso nthawi zonse.

Kuchepetsa ma circuit m'zipinda zamisonkhano kumachitika pamene ma jet operekera magetsi amathira mwachindunji m'malo obwerera kapena pamene ma diffuser amakhala m'makona osakhazikika. Konzaninso ma terminal kuti mulimbikitse kusakanikirana m'dera lonselo, kutsimikizira kuponya ndi kulowetsa mphamvu pa kayendedwe ka kapangidwe kanu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito CFD pa geometries zovuta kapena malo akuluakulu amisonkhano.

Kukwera kwa mphamvu ya fyuluta nthawi zambiri sikumawerengedwa posankha mafani. Perekani malire a DP yomaliza, trend yokhala ndi masensa, ndi kusefa kwa siteji kuti muwonjezere nthawi. Ngati mafani akuyenda mozungulira poyambira, mudzakhala mukuyang'ana mavuto pa moyo wonse wa makina.

Ma ERV a nyengo yozizira amatha kuzizira ngati njira zosungunula kapena zodumpha sizikukonzedwa. Tsimikizirani kuwongolera liwiro la mawilo kapena kutentha/kudutsa, ndikuyesani pansi pa mikhalidwe yoyeserera. Onjezani ma alarm olakwika kuti kudutsa kokakamira kusachedwe kwa nyengo.

Kutseka: Njira zanu zotsatira

• Sankhani njira yanu yotsatirira malamulo (ASHRAE 62.1 VRP kapena EN 16798 Njira 1), lembani manambala a malo omwe muli, ndikulemba maziko a kapangidwe kake.

• Sankhani yankho la ERV/DOAS kapena AHU lomwe lili ndi magwiridwe antchito ovomerezeka komanso osachepera MERV 13/ePM1 ≥50% kusefera pansi; tsimikizirani mutu wa fan wa fyuluta ya DP.

• Konzani njira zoyendetsera mpweya, malo ofikira mpweya, ndi ubale wa mphamvu kuti mupewe kusokonekera kwa mpweya ndi kusamuka kwa fungo; konzani njira yolowera ndi kuchepetsa mpweya.

• Kutsatira mfundo za ASHRAE 202 ndikusintha miyezo yofunika.

Ngati mukufuna thandizo lokonzekera bwino kapena ma phukusi a deta ya zinthu za ERV/DOAS m'malo opanda mawindo, gulu lathu la mainjiniya ku Airwoods lingathandize kugwirizanitsa zolinga za kapangidwe ndi zida ndi zowongolera zovomerezeka.